Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, which is secreted into the blood. This causes your metabolism to slow down. The medical term for this condition is hypothyroidsm. Other names for an underactive thyroid gland are low thyroid or underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism can make you feel tired gain weight and be sensitive to cold temperatures. The most common treatment for this is hormone replacement medication.
What is hypothyroidism?
This means that when there is not enough thyroid hormone in the blood your metabolism slows down and you are said to be hypothyroid. When your thyroid is not producing and releasing enough thyroid hormone into your body, the result is hypothyroidism. Your body as a whole is affected because of the slowing of your metabolic processes. Hypothyroidism is often referred to as underactive thyroid disease, and it is one of the most common diseases. Myxedema describes very low levels of thyroid.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not manufacture enough thyroid hormones. Although there are many symptoms, here are some of the common ones:-
Fatigue: This is referred to as a feeling of too much tiredness or a lack of energy.
Weight Gain: Weight gain without knowingly taking more calories is common-as is difficulty losing weight.
Cold Sensitivity: It denotes an extreme sensitivity to cold or cold extremities.
Constipation: It is a condition wherein bowel movements are infrequent or painful.
Dry Skin: The skin may turn scaly, coarse, or dry. Changes in Hair: It may turn brittle, and thinning may lead to falling off. Pains in the Muscles and Joints: Muscle and joint aches, stiffness, or swelling. Depression: Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or generally depressed. Memory Problems: Difficulty concentrating or remembering things. Hoarseness: Changes to include a raspy, hoarse voice. Menstrual Changes: Women may experience heavier or irregular cycles. Swelling: Puffiness is mainly in the face but especially around the eyes. Goiter: A type of swelling at the base of the neck, resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Subclinical hypo-thyroidism is a mild form of thyroid malfunction. The TSH level is high in this case; however, thyroid hormones, including T3 and T4, are within normal limits. It rarely presents overt symptoms, though some patients may have mild or vague symptoms.
Important Points
The levels of TSH exceed the normal limit, on the other hand thyroid hormone levels (T3 and T4) show up within the normal limit.
Symptoms: The majority of individuals with subclinical hypo-thyroidism will, in fact, not have any symptoms at all, but some may present with very nebulous symptoms that sound, generally speaking, like hypo-thyroidism and may include mild fatigue, weight gain, or cold sensitivity.
Risk factors include females and older persons. Radiation therapy, autoimmune thyroiditis (e.g., Hashimoto’s thyroiditis), and prior thyroid surgery may also be associated with it.
Diagnosis: TSH often appears in blood tests, sometimes with thyroid hormone levels included.
Management: Asymptomatic cases with only modestly raised levels of TSH, treatment is often not needed for subclinical hypo-thyroidism. If there is heart disease or other risk factors, though, medication can be prescribed. TSH levels can also be very high.
Follow-up: Since subclinical hypo-thyroidism may, at times, become overt hypo-thyroidism, follow-up with the healthcare provider is usually essential for the long-term monitoring of thyroid function.
See a healthcare professional if you suspect that you are having a problem with your thyroid. They may have some advice specific to your situation and test results.
Diagnosis
Blood Tests: The main test for thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid hormone tests are conducted for measuring the levels of T3 and T4 hormones. Hypothyroidism diagnosis is usually done by less level values of T3/ T4 and more values of TSH. Ultrasound: rarely done; to detect structural abnormalities in the thyroid gland. Tests for Antibodies: Tests of thyroid antibodies can be ordered to confirm the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Autoimmune Diseases, Thyroid Surgery, Radiation Therapy, Medications and Iodine Deficiency are some causes of Hypothyroidism
Can hypothyroidism affect pregnancy?
Indeed, this disease could influence fetal development and, hence, the outcome of the pregnancy. Management that is appropriate will be required to prevent low birth weight, preterm delivery, and impairment in overall development. Regular Check-up Pregnant hypothyroid patients need regular monitoring and adjustment of thyroid medication.
What is subclinical hypothyroidism?
In subclinical hypo-thyroidism, which is a mild form of thyroid malfunction, TSH levels are high, but the hormone levels remain within normal limits.
What are the causes of subclinical hypothyroidism?
Immune System Disorders. The most common cause is thyroiditis caused by Hashimoto’s. Iodine Deficiency: Though not commonly seen in developed countries with iodized salt, iodine deficiency is also one of the causes. Effects of Medication. Thyroid function can be affected by certain medications. aging. With increasing age, our thyroid function can decline normally.
How is subclinical hypothyroidism diagnosed?
Blood Investigations: The diagnosis is established with an elevated TSH level along with normal levels of T3 and T4. Further, thyroid antibodies can be checked to rule out autoimmune causes. Symptom Assessment: Sometimes, the diagnosis can be established only after all other causes for such mild symptoms can be excluded.
What are the potential risks if subclinical hypothyroidism is left untreated?
Natural History: It can result in overt hypothyroidism. Cardiovascular Risk: Increased levels of cholesterol, with a slight increase in cardiovascular risk. Fertility Issues: Subclinical hypo-thyroidism may issue into unsuccessful conception in women.
Can subclinical hypothyroidism be managed without medication?
Depending on the Case: Lifestyle modifications and routine monitoring may be adequate in certain situations, especially if TSH levels are only slightly high and there are no symptoms. However, medication may be suggested if symptoms appear or if TSH levels sharply increase.
Ankush Kumar is a professional content writer and the founder of Healthnick.com. He is a health and wellness enthusiast with a deep interest in nutrition, fitness and holistic living. Harish is committed to delivering research-based insights on various health topics. He enjoys exploring new trends in health, experimenting with nutritious recipes, and staying active.
